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// ⚖ Alignment & Preference Optimization

RL with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR)

Rewards come from programmatic checks like math answers or unit tests.

可验证奖励强化学习 RLVR 2024 Advanced core

IN PLAIN WORDS

Instead of a learned reward model, check the final answer or run tests — rewards that cannot be flattered. It is key to o1/R1-style reasoner training; the term comes from Tulu 3.

Used in: Tulu 3, DeepSeek-R1, Qwen3 reasoning

TIMELINE · prerequisites → this → what builds on it

2017 Proximal Poli…2024 Group Relativ…2024 RL with Verifiabl…2025 DeepSeek-R1 R…

01Original paper

Tulu 3: Pushing Frontiers in Open Language Model Post-Training

Nathan Lambert, Jacob Morrison, Valentina Pyatkin, et al. · 2024

arXiv ↗ ✓ Verified · arXiv API

02Where it sits

Learn the left column first; the right column builds on this one.

Related:Process Reward Models (PRM)

Group Relative …Proximal Policy…DeepSeek-R1 Rea…Process Reward … RL with Verifiable …

Left: prerequisites · right: builds on this · dashed: related. Full map →

03Learning resources

Official docs, explainers, courses and reference code. All links checked.

04Where the course teaches it

On learning paths:Post-training & Reasoning Models

For AI / data

Data updated: AI algorithms & curriculum(UTC+8)