AI-Generated Park Layouts Respond to Urban Constraints

Using conditional GANs and 15 spatial pattern indicators, the study analyzes responses under single and combined constraints. Results show strongest changes in walkability and landscape patterns under individual constraints, especially in RCC, ED, and SHEI. Indicator sensitivity varies by constraint type, with enhanced responses under selected combinations. Combined constraints exhibit context-dependent effects, with limited additional change in already constrained baselines.

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